One would have needed to travel only 46 kilometres (29 mi) to visit five time zones. Constance, belonging to the Grand Duchy of Baden, adhered to Karlsruhe time, Friedrichshafen used the time of the Duchy of Württemberg, in Lindau, the Bavarian Munich time was observed, and Bregenz used Prague time, while the Swiss shore used Berne time. In the 19th century, there were five different local time zones around Lake Constance. In antiquity the two lakes had different names later, for reasons which are unknown, they came to have the same name.
The Rhine, the Bregenzer Ach, and the Dornbirner Ach carry sediments from the Alps to the lake, thus gradually decreasing the depth and reducing the extension of the lake in the southeast. The downward erosion of the High Rhine caused the lake level to gradually sink and a sill, the Konstanzer Schwelle, to emerge. After the end of the last glacial period, about 10,000 years ago, the Obersee and Untersee still formed a single lake. Lake Constance was formed by the Rhine Glacier during the ice age and is a Zungenbecken or Tongue lake. Ĭar ferries link Romanshorn, Switzerland, to Friedrichshafen, and Konstanz to Meersburg, all in Germany. It starts with the creek Aua da Russein (lit.: "Water of the Russein"). The culminating point of the lake's drainage basin is the Swiss peak Piz Russein of the Tödi massif of the Glarus Alps at 3,613 metres (11,854 ft) above sea level.
The lake itself is an important drinking water source for southwestern Germany. The river water of the regulated Alpine Rhine flows into the lake in the southeast near Bregenz, Austria, then through the Upper Lake Constance hardly targeting the Überlinger See, into the Seerhein in the town of Konstanz, then through the Rheinsee virtually without feeding both German parts of the Lower Lake, and finally feeds the start of the High Rhine in Swiss town Stein am Rhein. The Lower Lake Constance is loosely divided into three sections around the Island of Reichenau: The two German parts, the Gnadensee (lit.: "Lake Mercy") north of the island and north of the peninsula of Mettnau (the Markelfinger Winkel), and the Zeller See, south of Radolfzell and to the northwest of the Reichenau island, and the mainly Swiss Rheinsee (lit.: "Rhine Lake") – not to be mistaken for the Seerhein at its start – to the south of the island and with its southwestern arm leading to its effluent in Stein am Rhein. Geographically, it is sometimes not considered to be part of the lake, but a river. The connection between these two lakes is the Seerhein (lit.: "Lake Rhine"). The lake has two parts: the main east section, called Obersee or "Upper Lake", covers about 473 square kilometres (183 sq mi), including its northwestern arm, the Überlinger See (61 km 2 (24 sq mi)), and the much smaller west section, called Untersee or "Lower Lake", with an area of about 63 square kilometres (24 sq mi). Its greatest depth is 252 metres (827 ft), exactly in the middle of the Upper Lake.
It is 63 km (39 mi) long, and, nearly 14 km (8.7 mi) at its widest point. Lake Constance is the third largest freshwater lake by surface area in Central and Western Europe (and the second largest in volume), after Lake Geneva and (in surface area) Lake Balaton. While in English and the Romance languages, the lake is named after the city of Constance, the German name derives from the village of Bodman (municipality of Bodman-Ludwigshafen), in the northwesternmost corner of the lake. The largest islands are Reichenau in the Lower Lake, and Lindau and Mainau in the Upper Lake. The largest town on the Lower Lake is Radolfzell am Bodensee. The most populous towns on the Upper Lake are Constance ( German: Konstanz), Friedrichshafen, Bregenz, Lindau (Bodensee), Überlingen and Kreuzlingen. The High Rhine flows westbound out of the lake and forms (with the exception of the Canton of Schaffhausen) the German-Swiss border as far as to the city of Basel. The Alpine Rhine forms in its original course the Austro-Swiss border and flows into the lake from the south. The actual location of the border is disputed. Gallen, Thurgau, and Schaffhausen, and the Austrian state of Vorarlberg. Its shorelines lie in the German states of Baden-Württemberg and Bavaria, the Swiss cantons of St. The lake is situated where Germany, Switzerland, and Austria meet.
These waterbodies lie within the Lake Constance Basin ( Bodenseebecken) in the Alpine Foreland through which the Rhine flows. Lake Constance ( German: Bodensee, pronounced ( listen)) refers to three bodies of water on the Rhine at the northern foot of the Alps: Upper Lake Constance ( Obersee), Lower Lake Constance ( Untersee), and a connecting stretch of the Rhine, called the Lake Rhine ( Seerhein). 1 Shore length is not a well-defined measure.
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